The simplest way to determine whether two monoclonal antibodies bind to distinct sites on a protein antigen is to carry out a competition assay. The assay can be used with antibodies that bind both conformational and linear epitopes, and it is most useful in the analysis of monoclonal antibody specificity because polyclonal sera typically recognize multiple different epitopes. - [Read Epitope Mapping by Competition Assay Protocol]
The simplest way to analyze proteins is in unfractionated extracts. However, it is often desirable to fractionate proteins, e.g, by size. This procedure extracts total protein from Arabidopsis samples. Typical yields are ~2-3 mg/ml (using rosette leaves) or 6-8 mg/ml (using young seedlings). - [Read Extraction of Total Protein from Arabidopsis Protocol]