A specific endpoint assay for ubiquitin. Rose et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987. Simple endpoint assays for free ubiquitin (Ub) and for the Ub-activating enzyme are described. . - [Read A specific endpoint assay for ubiquitin.]
Simple and universally applicable methods for staining fixed cells are presented, as are methods that utilize detergents and proteolytic treatment to permeabilize cells. Additionally, supravital cell staining with Hoechst 33342, which is primarily used for sorting live cells for subsequent culturing based on DNA-content differences, is also described. Also presented are methods for staining of cell nuclei isolated from paraffin-embedded tissues, and deconvolution of DNA-content-frequency... - [Read Analysis of Cellular DNA Content by Flow Cytometry Protocol]
Enzyme-linked reagents give excellent sensitivity and use a simple light microscope for detection. A range of enzymes is available, but for staining in situ, horseradish peroxidase will suit most needs. Diaminobenzidine (DAB) is one of the most sensitive substrates for horseradish peroxidase. It yields an intense brown product that is insoluble in both water and alcohol. It can be made more sensitive by adding metal salts such as cobalt or nickel to the substrate solution. - [Read Antibody Addition to Drosophila Specimens and Detection Using Enzyme-Linked Reagents Protocol]
Includes Abbreviations, Background, and Procedure steps using BSA. The Bradford protein assay (1) is one of several simple methods commonly used to determine the total protein concentration of a sample. The method is based on the proportional binding of the dye Coomassie to proteins. The assay is colorimetric; as the protein concentration increases, the color of the test sample becomes darker. Coomassie absorbs at 595 nm. - [Read Bradford Protein Concentration Assay]
Simple Transfection using Calcium chloride and phosphate.Dr. Frank. Arthritis and Immunology Program, Oklahoma City. Medical Research Foundation. - [Read CALCIUM PHOSPATE TRANSFECTION OF HUMAN CELLS]
Chemotaxis Protocol by Jeff Hadwiger. Dictyostelium Chemotaxis to Folate: a Simple Assay, from the Hadwiger Laboratory. Detailed Protocol. - [Read Chemotaxis Protocol]
Specimen chambers have had many designs published over the years describing systems that offer excellent optical properties while allowing specimens to be maintained for varying amounts of time. Ranging in complexity from the simple preparation of a sealed coverslip on a microscope slide to sophisticated perfusion chambers that enable tight control of virtually all environmental variables culture chambers are designed to to allow living specimens to be observed with minimal invasion at high res. - [Read Culture Chambers for Live-Cell Imaging]
The visibility of the faint star light is enormously enhanced against a dark background. This principle is applied in darkfield (also called darkground) microscopy, a simple and popular method for making unstained transparent specimens clearly visible. Such objects often have refractive indices very close in value to that of their surroundings and are difficult to image in conventional brightfield microscopy. - [Read Darkfield Illumination]
Cell fractionation of cellular components using Percoll a synthetic, colloidal solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silica, specifically designed for sedimentation centrifugation. Percoll becomes a simple matter to establish a linear density gradient. Organelle separations are much easier to accomplish on Percoll density gradients than on sucrose gradients. - [Read Equilibrium Density Gradient Percoll Protocol]
Flow cytometric determination of leukocyte surface antigens in whole blood. Quantitation of cell surface antigens in whole blood with the flow cytometer is very simple and requires:
1. Blood collection; 2. Addition of antibody; 3. Calibration of the flow cytometer; 4. Making measurements. - [Read Flow cytometric determination of leukocyte surface antigens in whole blood]
Most biological specimens are relatively transparent, so details of internal and intracellular morphology are difficult to image in untreated living specimens using simple bright-field techniques. Fluorescence microscopy offers greater advantages and possibilities for increasing contrast and determining the specific localization of molecules in cells. Article outlines the three methods most commonly used to introduce an appropriate label into Drosophila tissue without perturbing the process. - [Read Fluorescent Reagents for Live Cell Imaging and Their Introduction into Cells]
Protocol describes the quantitation of DNA using Hoechst 33258, a fluorescent dye that binds to double-stranded DNA. Fluorometry is simple and more sensitive than spectrophotometry, and allows the detection of nanogram quantities of DNA. The assay can only be used to measure the concentration of DNAs whose sizes exceed ~1 kb, as Hoechst 33258 binds poorly to smaller DNA fragments. - [Read Fluorometric Quantitation of DNA Using Hoechst 33258 Protocol]
DNA microarrays are an ordered arrangement of DNA molecules complementary to genes of interest that are "spotted" by robotic equipment onto a glass slide substrate. The expression of genes in cells can be monitored with microarrays by preparing cDNA from the mRNA of cells of interest and measuring the hybridization to the microarray. This protocol describes the labeling of genomic DNA for use as a probe for hybridization to the cDNA spotted on the array.