rnas Protocols

Category: RNA Protocols: RT-PCR and cDNA synthesis

Protocol for Competitive RT-PCR.For quantifying mRNA, we use a competitive RT-PCR protocol with internal standard RNAs. These are added in a defined quantity to the RNA sample prior to the RT reaction. The resulting standard cDNA is coamplified with the s - [Read Competitive RT-PCR Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols: Reverse Transcriptase RT-PCR Protocols

In this protocol, sample and competitor RNAs are reverse transcribed (separately) in a pilot experiment.  A constant amount of sample RT product is then combined with a 2-logserial dilution of competitor RT product for PCR. Procedure provides an approximate copy number for the sample, which is then fine-tuned by repeating the experiment with a series of twofold dilutions of competitor.  The experiment includes controls for sample-to-sample variations in RT efficiency. - [Read Competitive RT-PCR: Estimation of Copy Number Protocol]

Category: RNAi Technology Protocols: RNAi C. elegans Protocols

Protocol uses northern blot technology to detect short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in RNA preparations from Caenorhabditis elegans. - [Read Detection of si/miRNA in C. elegans by Northern Blot Protocol]

Category: RNAi Technology Protocols: RNAi C. elegans Protocols

Protocol uses Rnase protection to detect short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in RNA preparations from Caenorhabditis elegans.  SiRNAs can also be detected by northern blot.  However, the Rnase protection assay seems to be more sensitive. - [Read Detection of siRNA in C. elegans Using Rnase Protection Protocol]

Category: Nucleic Acid Purification Protocols

Preparations of RNA containing an mRNA of interest are hybridized to a complementary single-stranded DNA probe.  At the end of the reaction nuclease S1 is used to degrade unhybridized regions of the probe, and the surviving DNA-RNA hybrids are then separated by gel electrophoresis and visualized by autoradiography or Southern hybridization.  Method used to quantitate RNAs, to map the positions of introns, and to identify the locations of 5' and 3' ends of mRNAs on cloned DNA templates. - [Read Mapping RNA with Nuclease S1 Protocol]

Category: Nucleic Acid Modification Protocols: Nucleic Acid Radiolabeling Protocols

Preparations of RNA containing an mRNA of interest are hybridized to a radiolabeled single-stranded RNA probe. The method can be used to quantitate RNAs, to map the positions of introns, and to identify the locations of 5' and 3' ends of mRNAs on cloned DNA templates. - [Read Mapping RNA with Ribonuclease and Radiolabeled RNA Probes Protocol]

Category: RNAi Technology Protocols: RNAi Mammalian Cells Protocols

Protocol for oligofection of small interfering RNAs in senescent human fibroblasts. This protocol allows the transfection of human senescent cells (regardless of the cause of cellular senescence) with an efficiency of around 70%. - [Read Oligofection of Small Interfering RNAs in Senescent Human Fibroblasts Protocol]

Category: Avian Bird Protocols

Protocol describes the production of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from fragments of cDNAs of candidate genes. The cDNA fragments must be cloned in plasmids with a flanking SP6 and T7 promoter (e.g., pSP72 or pCRII). The plasmid is linearized and sense and antisense RNAs are produced separately by in vitro transcription. After purification, the RNA strands are annealed to yield a dsRNA molecule suitable for RNAi in avian embryos. - [Read Production of dsRNA for RNAi in Avian Embryos Protocol]

Category: RNAi Technology Protocols: RNAi Avian Embryos Protocols

Protocol describes the production of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from fragments of cDNAs of candidate genes.  The cDNA fragments must be cloned in plasmids with a flanking SP6 and T7 promoter (e.g., pSP72 or pCRII).  The plasmid is linearized and sense and antisense RNAs are produced separately by in vitro transcription. - [Read Production of dsRNA for RNAi in Avian Embryos Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: In Vitro Reconstitution Protocols

Protocol describes an RNA Polymerase III (Pol III) transcription assay using an extract or proteins of choice. Pol III is the polymerase responsible for transcribing 5S RNA, tRNAs, and other small RNAs. α-Amanitin inhibits Pol II transcription in the assay. The newly-transcribed, radiolabeled RNA is visualized by autoradiography following Urea Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. - [Read Protocol for Polymerase III In Vitro Transcription]

Category: RNAi Technology Protocols

Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can be used to prime RNA synthesis by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP).  SiRNAs can be used by RdRP as primers for specific cellular mRNAs, forming dsRNA products capable of inducing transitive RNAi. - [Read Protocol for siRNA-Primed RNA Synthesis Protocol]

Category: Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis Protocols: RNA Electrophoresis Protocols

Separation of RNAs according to size is the first stage in northern blotting and hybridization.  The method described in this protocol uses glyoxal to denature the RNA, ethidium bromide to stain it, and agarose gel electrophoresis to separate the resulting glyoxal-RNA-ethidium adducts. - [Read Separation of RNA According to Size: Electrophoresis of Glyoxylated RNA through Agarose Gels]

Category: Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis Protocols: RNA Electrophoresis Protocols

Separation of RNAs according to size is the first stage in northern blotting and hybridization.  The method described in this protocol uses formaldehyde to denature the RNA, ethidium bromide to stain it, and electrophoresis through agarose gels containing 2.2 M formamide to separate the resulting formaldehyde-RNA-ethidium adducts. - [Read Separation of RNA According to Size: Electrophoresis of RNA through Agarose Gels Containing Formalde]

Category: Genetics and Genomics: Cancer Genetics Protocols

SAGE is a new method that has been invented at Johns Hopkins University in USA to give scientists an overview of a cell’s complete gene activity. It works by capturing RNAs, identifying them and counting them. By comparing different types of cells, the researchers hope to generate profiles that will help them understand healthy cells and what goes wrong during diseases. Includes: How SAGE works and Steps of SAGE. - [Read Serial Analysis Of Gene Expression (SAGE)]

Category: Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis Protocols: RNA Electrophoresis Protocols

Method is used to assess (roughly) the integrity of total RNA samples by visualization of discreet 18S and 28S ribosomal RNAs.  Total RNA is separated by electrophoresis through a 1% agarose gel containing 1.3 ìM ethidium bromide.  Binding of the ethidium bromide to the RNA allows visualization of the separated RNA molecules when the gel is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light. - [Read Visualization of RNA Preparations on 1% Agarose Gels Protocol]