Protein Microarray Chips - An Introduction. Introduction, Types of Protein Chips, Attachment, Protein and Antibody Chip Production, Applications of Protein Chips, Detection methods, and Future Directions.
Molecularstation. - [Read Protein and Antibody Microarray Chips - An Introduction]
Western Blot Home- http://www.molecularstation.com/protein/western-blot/
Western Blot Home. Information on western blotting, western blot procedure and methods, western blot books, stripping protocols. - [Read Western Blot Home]
Covers Many Western Blot Problems and Includes Many Solutions. Fuzzy Bands, Low or Weak Signal, High Background, Spots on Film, Too Many Bands. A MolecularStation Guide. - [Read Troubleshooting Western Blot]
Protocol Involves the transfection of siRNA into RAW 264. 7 cells using Lipofectamine 2000. Cells are transfected with siRNA twice (on subsequent days). Target gene knockdown is assessed from total RNA isolated 48 hr post-transfection or from protein isolated 72 hr post-transfection. - [Read siRNA Double Transfection of RAW 264.7 Cells with Lipofectamine Protocol]
Protocol Involves the transfection of siRNA into RAW 264. 7 cells using Lipofectamine 2000. Cells are transfected with siRNA twice (on subsequent days). Target gene knockdown is assessed from total RNA isolated 48 hr post-transfection or from protein isolated 72 hr post-transfection. - [Read siRNA Double Transfection of RAW 264.7 Cells with Lipofectamine Protocol II]
The multiprotein-DNA complex of interest is formed using the site-specifically derivatized DNA fragment. The complex is then UV-irradiated, initiating covalent cross-linking with proteins in direct physical proximity to the cross-linking agent. Extensive nuclease digestion is performed to eliminate uncross-linked DNA and convert cross-linked DNA to a cross-linked, radiolabeled nucleotide "tag." - [Read Site-Specific Protein-DNA Photo-Cross-Linking: Analysis of Structural Organization of Protein-DNA]
Slide Preparation for Manual Microdissection for Subsequent DNA, RNA, and Protein Analysis. Manual microdissection and subsequent molecular analysis can be carried out on slides stained using standard hematoxylin and eosin methods. However, if cell types that are (or are not) expressing a specific protein are required for a study, then more advanced slide preparation methods such as Immuno-LCM may be utilized. - [Read Slide Preparation for Manual Microdissection Protocol]
Bradford Protein Assay, Lowry Protein Assay, Biuret Assay. Protein concentration measurement. Dr. Heidcamp, Department of Biology, Gustavus Adolphus College. - [Read Spectrophotometry]
Protocol describes a split luciferase complementation assay used to study the interaction of proteins in cells. In the split protein strategy, a single reporter protein/enzyme (firefly luciferase [Fluc]) is cleaved into amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal halves; each half is fused to one of two interacting proteins, X & Y. Physical interactions between the two proteins reconstitute the functional reporter protein, leading to enzymatic activities that can be measured by in vitro or in vivo assay - [Read Split Luciferase Complementation Assay for Studying Interaction of Proteins X and Y in Cells]
Protocol for stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC). Protocol describes how to apply SILAC and the use of nano-scale liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for protein identification and quantification. This procedure can be completed in 8 days. - [Read Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino Acids in Cell Culture SILAC Protocol]
Protocol used to determine the position of molecular-weight markers and to ensure that efficient transfer of proteins to the blot has occurred, the total composition of the proteins can be determined by staining the membrane with Ponceau S (Staining Immunoblots for Total Protein Using Ponceau S) or India ink. - [Read Staining Immunoblots for Total Protein Using India Ink Protocol]
Protocol used to determine the position of molecular-weight markers and to ensure that efficient transfer of proteins to the blot has occurred, the total composition of the proteins can be determined by staining the membrane with Ponceau S . - [Read Staining Immunoblots for Total Protein Using Ponceau S Protocol]
Sterile technique is one of the most important steps in insuring consistent results when employing recombinant DNA and protein expression techniques. Dr. Chazin Lab, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Univ. - [Read Sterile Technique for DNA and Protein Expression]
GUS is used as a tag to address nuclear localization whereas GFP is more versatile. GFP is detectable directly in living cells, GUS is only detected indirectly by staining of fixed tissue which may lead to artifacts or may obscure problems with protein solubility. In this protocol, protein localization is routinely assayed after particle-mediated transient transformation of onion epidermal cells. With this method it can be determined rapidly whether a given fusion protein is active and.... - [Read Subcellular Localization of GUS- and GFP-Tagged Proteins in Onion Epidermal Cells]
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is a small molecule, but has a variety of regulatory functions in cells. SUMO modification is involved in transcriptional regulation, subcellular localization, and protein-protein interactions. SUMO conjugation requires sequential E1-dependent activation, E2-dependent conjugation, and E3-dependent ligation steps. Protocol includes: In vivo and in vitro SUMOylation assay and deSUMOylation assay. - [Read Sumoylation and Desumoylation Assays for a Chromatin-Remodelling Complex In Vivo and In Vitro]
Protocol describes a target selective S. aureus whole cell assay that combines agar-diffusion and protein over expression techniques. This agar based two-plate differential sensitivity assay was used to help confirm the newly discovered antibiotic platensimycin inhibited bacterial growth by specifically targeting the essential FASII enzyme FabF6. - [Read Target Specific Whole Cell Assay for Antibacterial Drug Discovery Protocol]
A protein precipitation procedure used to precipitate protein from cell
lysates. Allows for optimal protein recovery and accurate assays. The Signaling Gateway - [Read TCA/Acetone Precipitation (Large Scale) PDF]
The cytotoxic effect of chemicals upon cells in culture is measured by the change in total cell protein arising from the inhibition of cell proliferation (Kenacid Blue R dye binding method). - [Read The Frame Cytotoxicity Test Kenacid Blue]
Tissue subcellular fractionation and protein extraction for use in mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. Although many methods exist for fractionating proteins, the method described here can capture the majority of subcellular fractions simultaneously at reasonable purity. The scalability of this method makes it amenable to small samples, such as embryonic tissues, in addition to larger tissues. The protocol described is for the general fractionation and extraction of proteins from organs / tissue - [Read Tissue subcellular fractionation and protein extraction for use in mass-spectrometry-based proteomic]
A single step RNA isolation protocol using Phenol Chloroform Extraction and Acid Guanidinium Thiocyanate. This RNA isolation method uses the fact that guanidinium thiocyanate can simultaneously lyse the cells and inactive cellular RNAses during the initial RNA isolation step allow a single step in the method.
Paraffin Embedding Protocol for molecular profiling. This Paraffin Embedding Protocol describes the processing of the tissues into sections following ethanol fixation. Molecular profiling (MP) is a technique that is used to visualize the global patterns of RNA expression or protein expression in various cell types and disease processes.
In Vitro Translated Xenopus Mos Kinase Assay Protocol. In response to progesterone, immature Xenopus oocytes mature to eggs that can be fertilized. The Mos protein kinase is essential for oocyte maturation, most likely due to its ability to activate the MAP kinase cascade. This MAP kinase cascade eventually leads to the activation of Cdc2/cyclin B and entry into M phase. In this protocol, tagged Mos kinase is translated in vitro, immunopurified, and used in a kinase assay.
A protocol for the selection of Phage Antibodies using Immobilized Antigen. This method describes the selection of antibodies from bacteriophage antibody libraries that recognize a specific antigen. The phage display library of antibody-displaying phage particles is exposed to antigen attached to a solid substrate (Nunc Immuno™ tubes). The phage particles with affinity for antigen bind to the immobilized antigen and are selected from the library of phage expressing antibodies.
Unlike spherical phage, such as T4 and λ, which have roughly equal weight ratios of protein to DNA, filamentous phage have about six times more protein than DNA; the protein therefore contributes substantially to the absorption spectrum.