products Protocols

Category: DNA Protocols: PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction Protocols: Standard PCR Protocol

"CORE SAMPLE" PCR - A method to re-PCR unique bands from products of mixed size - Molecular Biology Techniques Manual - Rybicki - [Read "CORE SAMPLE" PCR - A method to re-PCR unique bands from products of mixed size]

Category: PCR Protocols: Standard PCR Protocol

"CORE SAMPLE" PCR - A method to re-PCR unique bands from products of mixed size - Molecular Biology Techniques Manual - Rybicki - [Read "CORE SAMPLE" PCR - A method to re-PCR unique bands from products of mixed size]

Category: PCR Protocols: cDNA Synthesis Protocols

To generate "5'-end" partial cDNA clones using classic RACE, the first-strand products are generated by reverse transcription (primer extension) from a known gene-specific primer (GSP-RT).  Then, a poly(A) tail is appended using terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (Tdt) and dATP.  Amplification is carried out using three primers. - [Read 5'-End cDNA Amplification Using Classic RACE Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols

The MagneSil system can selectively isolate PCR products that are more than 150-bp long from primers and primer -dimers.  The technology can be used with a number of robotic workstations, including Beckman Coulter’s Biomek 2000 and FX Laboratory Automation Workstations.  The procedure can also be carried out manually.  Typical recovery is more than 80% for a 1-kb product with negligible carryover of primers or nucleotides. - [Read A Magnetic Particle-Based Method for Purifying PCR Products from Solution Protocol]

Category: Pharmacology and Toxicology Protocols: Cytotoxicity Protocols: Cytotoxicity Assays in Cell Culture Protocols

Protocol descibes the use of L929 mouse fibroblast cells cultured in vitro in an agarose overlay assay to assess the toxicity of test substances.  The assay may be useful in assessing the irritation potential of test substances (e.g. surfactant-based products) as an alternative to the Draize rabbit eye test. - [Read Agarose Overlay Assay Protocol]

Category: BACs Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Protocols

Protocol presents the amplification of insert end sequences from bacterial artificial chromosome clones using TAIL-PCR. The amplified products are suitable as probes for chromosome walking and genome mapping and as templates for direct sequencing. The protocol has been used in rice genome studies. - [Read Amplification of Insert End Sequences from BACs Clones by Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced PCR]

Category: DNA Protocols: Genomic DNA Library Protocols

Amplification and sequencing of the exon-trapped products. - [Read Analysis of Clones for Exon Trapping and Amplification]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Nucleic Acid Protocols: Yeast PCR Protocols

Yeast colonies are suspended in complete PCR buffer and transferred to a thermal cycler for 35 cycles of PCR. The products of the amplification reaction are analyzed by gel electrophoresis. - [Read Analyzing Yeast Colonies by PCR Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: In Vitro Reconstitution Protocols

The ability to synthesize RNA in the lab is critical to many techniques.Radiolabeled and nonisotopically labeled RNA probes, generated in small scale transcription reactions can be used in blot hybridizations and nuclease protection assays. This article includes information on: Requirements For Transcription, RNA Phage Polymerases, Template Options: Plasmids, PCR Products, Oligonuclotides and cDNA, Sense or Antisense, Conventional Or Large Scale Synthesis, Products for In Vitro Transcription. - [Read Basic Information on In Vitro Transcription]

Category: PCR Protocols: PCR Cloning Protocols

Protocol is for bidirectional, blunt-end cloning of DNA fragments.  The target DNA is PCR amplified and 3'-extensions are polished with Pfu DNA polymerase.  The amplicon is ligated to a blunt-ended plasmid DNA, and the products of the ligation reaction are used to transform competent Escherichia coli.  A restriction enzyme is added to the ligation reaction to relinearize any self-religating vector DNA. - [Read Bidirectional Cloning of PCR Products Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols: Bisulfite Conversion Based PCR Protocols

Protocol for bisulfite-PCR for restriction analysis and/or sequencing. Bisulfite-PCR followed by restriction is a rapid and semi-quantitative method of analyzing DNA methylation.  The PCR products are also suitable for either direct sequencing or cloning and sequencing.  The most important step here is primer selection. - [Read Bisulfite-PCR for Restriction Analysis and/or Sequencing Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols: PCR Cloning Protocols

Protocol for blunt-end cloning of PCR products. Incubation of a blunt-end ligation reaction in the presence of an excess amount of an appropriate restriction enzyme can dramatically increase the yield of recombinant plasmids.  The role of the restriction enzyme is to cleave circular and linear concatemers at restriction sites that are re-formed when linear, blunt-ended plasmid molecules ligate to themselves.  I - [Read Blunt-end Cloning of PCR Products Protocol]

Category: Cell Immortalization Protocols

Information why cell immortalization is important. Also the available tools to be able to perform cell immortalization. - [Read Cell Immortalization]

Category: Protein Protocols: Protein Extraction From Cells

Cell Lysate Extracts. Great protocols for cell lysis preparation from a variety of cell types. There are numerous methods of cell stimulation and lysis. For a given protein, Upstate’s Laboratories determine the specific treatment upon initial testing of its products. It is important to select the correct cell line, stimulation procedure (if any), and lysis protocol. Upstate. - [Read Cell Lysate Extracts]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: DIG Biotin Labeled Probe Protocols

This protocol describes how to use DIG Chem-Link to directly label any DNA [e.g. plasmids, PCR products, cDNA prepared from mRNA] or RNA (e.g. total RNA, poly(A)+ mMRNA). The DIG Chem-Link or Biotin Chem-Link may also be used to label oligonucleotides. Includes: Required Purity of DIG Chem-Link Templates; Direct DIG Labeling of mRNA or cDNA with DIG Chem-Link; Key Product Required for Direct Labeling of DNA or RNA; Estimating the Yield of DIG-labeled Nucleic Acids. - [Read Chem-Link Labeling of DNA or RNA with DIG or Biotin Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols: PCR Cloning Protocols

Pairs of oligonucleotide primers used in PCR are often designed with restriction sites in their 5' regions.  In many cases, the sites are different in the two primers.  In this case, amplification generates a target fragment whose termini now carry new restriction sites that can be used for directional cloning into plasmid vectors.  The purified fragment and the vector are digested with the appropriate restriction enzymes, ligated together, and transformed into E. coli. - [Read Cloning PCR Products by Addition of Restriction Sites to the Termini of Amplified DNA Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols: PCR Cloning Protocols

This method of direct cloning takes advantage of the unpaired adenosyl residue added to the 3' terminus of amplified DNAs by Taq and other thermostable polymerases. - [Read Cloning PCR Products into T Vectors Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols

Protocol for dealing with carryover contamination in PCR- enzymatic strategy. Repeated use of PCR and manipulation of its products cause aerosols that can contaminate neighboring samples and work areas.  Such "carryover contamination" can be prevented by including dUTP in place of dTTP for all amplification reactions. - [Read Dealing with Carryover Contamination in PCR: An Enzymatic Strategy Protocol]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: Spectral Karyotyping SKY Protocols

Protocol for the Detection of chromosomal imbalances using DOP-PCR and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Includes: Preparation and labeling of DOP-PCR products; Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). - [Read Detection of Chromosomal Imbalances using DOP-PCR and Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH)]

Category: PCR Protocols: PCR Cloning Protocols

Protocol is for directional blunt-end cloning of DNA fragments.  The target DNA is PCR-amplified, 3'-extensions are polished with Pfu DNA polymerase, and the amplicon is ligated to a blunt-ended plasmid DNA.  The products of the ligation reaction are used to transform competent Escherichia coli.  A restriction enzyme is added to the ligation reaction to relinearize any self-religating vector DNA. - [Read Directional Cloning of PCR Products Protocol]

Category: DNA Protein Interactions Protocols: Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays EMSA Protocols

Information for EMSA (Gel Shift) technique. Includes: Critical EMSA Reaction Parameters. - [Read EMSA (Gel Shift) Technique Information]

Category: PCR Protocols

Method describes how to modify the termini of PCR products by introducing restriction sites and other features.  To reduce the chance of contamination with exogenous DNAs, prepare and use a special set of reagents and solutions for PCR only.  Bake all glassware for 6 hours at 150°C and autoclave all plasticware. - [Read Genetic Engineering with PCR Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols: PCR Optimization

Method describes how to modify the termini of PCR products by introducing restriction sites and other features.  To reduce the chance of contamination with exogenous DNAs, prepare and use a special set of reagents and solutions for PCR only.  Bake all glassware for 6 hours at 150°C and autoclave all plasticware. - [Read Genetic Engineering with PCR Protocol]

Category: Protein Protocols: Western Blot Protocol

All the products and steps to complete a full western blotting analysis. (Jonathan Flint lab). - [Read How to do a Western Blot]

Category: Cell Culture Protocols: Cell Immortalization Protocols

Cultivating animal cells in the laboratory is an indispensable technique for cell biologists. However, most normal primary cell lines, while faithfully reproducing the phenotype of their tissue of origin, do not grow indefinitely in culture. After a series of population doublings (the number of which varies by species, cell type, and culture conditions) primary cells enter a state where they no longer divide. - [Read Immortalization of Cells in Culture]