DNA for analysis is purified using salt precipitation. The method is gentle, limits the breakage of the long chromosomal strands, and avoids the use of phenol and chloroform. It is suitable for use with cultured cells, breast tumor tissue that has been subjected to hormone receptor analysis, and blood samples. The loss of heterozygosity assay is performed using a multiplex PCR, in which one of each primer pair is labeled with a different fluorophor. - [Read A Multiplex PCR Method to Define a Narrow Deleted Chromosomal Region of a Tumor Genome]
Antigen Design and Sera Purification. Custom antisera. Sigma Aldrich. Peptide Selection and Design, Coupling Strategy
# Selecting the Protein Carrier, Multiple Antigenic Peptides (MAPs), Choice of Host, Adjuvant, Immunization, & Sera Collection, Antisera Purification, Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation, Protein A/G, Immunoaffinity Purification. - [Read Antigen Design and Sera Purification]
Protocol uses the BIOPRIME reaction kit from GibcoBRL to prepare biotin-labelled BAC DNA which is detected using FITC-Avidin (Vector Labs, DCS grade). Reagents from other manufacturers may work equally well but have not been tested. Includes: Labeling of BAC clones; Ethanol precipitation; Hybridization; Post-hybridisation treatment / detection. - [Read BAC-FISH Protocol]
Chromatin immunoprecipitation protocol to analyze histone modifications in Arabidopsis thaliana. Werner Aufsatz, Matzke Lab. Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austria. Includes Chromatin Crosslinking, Chromatin preparation, Pre-clearing and immuno precipitation (IP), Collection,washes and elution of immune complexes, Reverse crosslinking and DNA cleanup - [Read Chromatin immunoprecipitation protocol to analyze histone modifications in Arabidopsis thaliana]
Ultrafiltration is an alternative to ethanol precipitation for the concentration and desalting of nucleic acid solutions. It requires no phase change and is particularly useful for dealing with very low concentrations of nucleic acids. This protocol describes the use of the Microcon cartridge, a centrifugal ultrafiltration device, to concentrate and desalt nucleic acid solutions. - [Read Concentrating and Desalting Nucleic Acids with Microconcentrators Protocol]
Concentration of DNA by Ethanol Precipitation Protocol. Adapted fromBruce A. Roe, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma. Usually 2.5 - 3 volumes of ethanol and/or acetate solution is added to the DNA in a microcentrifuge tube. This is then put into an ice-water bath for at least 10 minutes. The precipitation is performed by incubation at -20C overnight. - [Read Concentration of Oligo DNA by Ethanol Precipitation Protocol]
Agarose gel purification,
Annealing and extending, oligonucleotides, Ethanol Precipitation, Ligation
Miniprep, Oligonucleotide purification, Recovering DNA bands, Restriction digest
Gene Clean. The Hu Lab. - [Read DNA cloning Procedures]
Protocol for embryo lysates and immunoprecipitation: protein A agarose & protein A magnetic beads. Includes: Embryo lysates; Immunoprecipitation with protein A agarose; Immunoprecipitation with protein A magnetic beads for silver stain/sequencing analysis. - [Read Embryo Lysates & Immunoprecipitation Protocol]
Protocol for extraction and purification of total RNA using TRIzol OR TRI reagent. Includes: Homogenization for Cell Suspensions; Phase Separation; RNA Precipitation; RNA Wash; Redissolving the RNA; Determination of RNA Concentration and Purity; Preparation of Rnase-free water. - [Read Extraction and Purification of Total RNA using TRIzol OR TRI Reagent Protocol]
This protocol describes the steps required to produce a cDNA microarray. Gene-specific DNA is produced by PCR amplification of purified template plasmid DNAs from cloned ESTs. The PCR product is purified by ethanol precipitation, thoroughly resuspended in - [Read Fabrication Protocol for DNA Microarrays]
General protocol for Ras, Rac, Cdc42, and Rho activation assay. Includes: Affinity Precipitation/Immunoblot Protocol, Cell Culture and Extract Preparation (Adherent and Non Adherent cells), GTPγS/GDP Loading for Positive and Negative Controls, Ras, Rac ,Cdc42, and Rho Pull-Down Assay and Western Blot and Detection. - [Read General Method for Ras, Rac, Cdc42, and Rho Activation Assay]
With this protocol, transcripts that were initiated from specific genes by RNA polymerases prior to permeabilization can be measured. Instead of a nuclear extract, permeabilized cells are used. Includes information on: Permeabilization of Cells; In vitro Transcription Reaction (Run-off); Isolation of RNA; Preparation of Slot Blot Membrane for Hybridization; Hybridization of Nitrocellulose Membrane; TCA Precipitation to Determine Incorporation of [32P] GTP into Nucleic Acid - [Read In Vitro Transcription Assay (Run-off Assay) using Permeabilized Cells]
Methanol-Chloroform Precipitation of Proteins. A procedure for precipitating proteins from solution, including detergent solutions, is from Wessel and Flügge (1984). Univ. Virginia. - [Read Methanol-Chloroform Precipitation of Proteins]
Protocol details the preparation of fluorescently labeled target samples and hybridization of these samples to a microarray of Agilent inkjet-deposited presynthesized oligonucleotides. The procedure requires a minimum of 3 µg of purified total RNA as starting material. Includes: cDNA Synthesis; Fluorescent cRNA Synthesis; cRNA Precipitation and Cleanup; cRNA Quantification; Hybridization; Washing. - [Read Microarray Protocol for Agilent Inkjet-Deposited Presynthesized Oligo Arrays]
Many replacement vectors (e.g., the EMBL series, {lambda}2001, and {lambda}DASH) contain a series of restriction sites, arranged in opposite orientations, at each end of the central stuffer fragment. Digestion of these vectors with two different restriction enzymes yields left and right arms, a stuffer fragment, and short segments of the polycloning sites. These can easily be removed from the arms by differential precipitation with isopropanol or spun-column chromatography. - [Read Preparation of Bacteriophage lambda DNA Cleaved with Two Restriction Enzymes Protocol]
DNA microarrays are an ordered arrangement of DNA molecules complementary to genes of interest that are "spotted" by robotic equipment onto a glass slide substrate. The expression of genes in cells can be monitored with microarrays by preparing cDNA from the mRNA of cells of interest and measuring the hybridization to the microarray. This protocol describes the labeling of genomic DNA for use as a probe for hybridization to the cDNA spotted on the array.
In Vitro Translated Xenopus Mos Kinase Assay Protocol. In response to progesterone, immature Xenopus oocytes mature to eggs that can be fertilized. The Mos protein kinase is essential for oocyte maturation, most likely due to its ability to activate the MAP kinase cascade. This MAP kinase cascade eventually leads to the activation of Cdc2/cyclin B and entry into M phase. In this protocol, tagged Mos kinase is translated in vitro, immunopurified, and used in a kinase assay.