population Protocols

Category: Plant Biology Protocols: Plant Genetics Protocols

AFLP was designed as a highly sensitive method for DNA fingerprinting to be used in a variety of fields. We are using this technology to generate DNA based markers for cloning genes involved in phototropic responses in higher plants that have only been identified genetically by mutant phenotype. Protocol includes: Generate polymorphic recombinant F2 (or F3) population; Isolate genomic DNA; Restriction of DNA; Ligation of adapters; Pre-amplification of template DNA; AFLP-PCR; etc. - [Read AFLP For Positional Cloning]

Category: C. elegans Protocols: C. elegans Genetics Protocols

The procedure is to mutagenize a large population of worms with trimethylpsoralen and UV irradiation, set up 1152 subpopulations, screen DNA made from this library for deletions in specific genes by nested PCR, and then to recover single worms carrying the deletions through a sib-selection process. - [Read C. elegans Gene Knockout Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture

Cell fractionation techniques are presented for the design of gradient systems for separating one or more cell types from lavages of body cavities or from mechanically or enzymically-dissociated tissues. Includes: Preparation of cell suspension for gradient loading; Fractionation by buoyant density; Fractionation on the basis of cell size. - [Read Cell Fractionation of a Mixed Population of Cells]

Category: RNAi Technology Protocols

Information on how detect and quantitate MicroRNA in laser capture microdissection samples. Includes: Obtain Laser Capture Microdissected Samples; Isolate miRNA from LCM Samples; Quantitate miRNA by qRT-PCR; Detection of miRNA in Microdissected Tissue from Mouse Brain by qRT-PCR; Differential Expression of MicroRNA in Whole Brain Tissue Compared to a More Homogeneous Population of Cells. - [Read Detect and Quantitate MicroRNA in Laser Capture Microdissection Samples]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: Flow Cytometry Protocols: Cell Cycle Analysis Protocols

Describes assays used to determine the distribution of a population of cells to the different stages of the cell cycle as analyzed by flow cytometry. Staining the DNA with different fluorescent dyes, propidium iodide or DAPI, is one of the most direct ways of staging the cells based on DNA content. - [Read Determining Cell Cycle Stages by Flow Cytometry Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: Cell Viability Protocols

Cell-based assays are important tools for contemporary biology and drug discovery because of their predictive potential for in vivo applications.This assay gives ratiometric, inversely proportional values of viability and cytotoxicity (Figure 4.15) that are useful for normalizing data to cell number. Also, this reagent is compatible with additional fluorescent and luminescent chemistries. - [Read Determining Number of Live and Dead Cells in Cell Population: Cytotoxicity Assay Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: Flow Cytometry Protocols: Cell Sorting Protocols

Questions and answers about cell sorting. Includes: When should I use fluorescence activated cell sorting over bulk separation methods like panning or magnetic bead separations? Will my cells be harmed by the sorting process? How many cells do I need to prepare to recover 1 X 106 of a population that comprises 10% of the cells? Are there ways to improve sort recovery? etc... - [Read FAQs About Cell Sorting]

Category: Genetics and Genomics: Genotyping Protocols: Mutation Detection Protocols

In this method, the nuclease BAL 31 is used to make uni- or bidirectional deletions in a segment of cloned DNA. BAL 31 is a complex enzyme and tends to digest a population of double-stranded DNA targets in an asynchronous fashion, Deletions created by BAL 31 are therefore far more heterogeneous in size than those created by processive enzymes such as exonuclease III. - [Read Generation of Bidirectional Sets of Deletion Mutants by Digestion with BAL 31 Nuclease Protocol]

Category: Primary Cell Isolation and Culture Protocols: Mammalian Cell Culture Protocols

Generation of a growth curve can be useful in evaluating the growth characteristics of a cell line. From a growth curve, the lag time, population doubling time, and saturation density can be determined. - [Read Generation of Growth Curve Protocol]

Category: Genetics and Genomics: Genotyping Protocols: PCR Genotyping

Developed PCR-based single molecule haplotyping methods that enable both surveys for novel inversion variants, and population-scale genotyping of known inversions - [Read Haplotype-Fusion PCR Protocol]

Category: Pharmacology and Toxicology Protocols: Drug Discovery

High-throughput and sensitive assay to measure yeast cell growth: a bench protocol for testing genotoxic agents. Method is highly sensitive, provides quantifiable data and offers high-throughput screening capability.  Starting with the treatment of cells with different doses of damaging agents, pre-prepared growing media containing 96-well plates are inoculated and cell population is automatically monitored every 10 min for 48 hours.  - [Read High Throughput and Sensitive Assay Measure Yeast Cell Growth Protocol]

Category: Cell Culture Protocols: Cell Immortalization Protocols

Cultivating animal cells in the laboratory is an indispensable technique for cell biologists. However, most normal primary cell lines, while faithfully reproducing the phenotype of their tissue of origin, do not grow indefinitely in culture. After a series of population doublings (the number of which varies by species, cell type, and culture conditions) primary cells enter a state where they no longer divide. - [Read Immortalization of Cells in Culture]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Cell Synchrony Protocols

It is sometimes desirable to have an entire population of yeast cells that is growing synchronously or is arrested at a unique point in the cell cycle. - [Read Inducing Yeast Cell Synchrony: alpha-Factor Arrest Using bar1 Mutants Protocol]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Cell Synchrony Protocols

It is sometimes desirable to have an entire population of yeast cells that is growing synchronously or is arrested at a unique point in the cell cycle. - [Read Inducing Yeast Cell Synchrony: alpha-Factor Arrest Using Low Cell Concentration Protocol]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Cell Synchrony Protocols

It is sometimes desirable to have an entire population of yeast cells that is growing synchronously or is arrested at a unique point in the cell cycle. - [Read Inducing Yeast Cell Synchrony: alpha-Factor Arrest Using Low pH Protocol]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Cell Synchrony Protocols

It is sometimes desirable to have an entire population of yeast cells that is growing synchronously or is arrested at a unique point in the cell cycle. - [Read Inducing Yeast Cell Synchrony: Dilution of Stationary-Phase Cultures Protocol]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Cell Synchrony Protocols

It is sometimes desirable to have an entire population of yeast cells that is growing synchronously or is arrested at a unique point in the cell cycle. - [Read Inducing Yeast Cell Synchrony: Hydroxyurea Arrest Protocol]

Category: Yeast Protocols: Yeast Cell Synchrony Protocols

It is sometimes desirable to have an entire population of yeast cells that is growing synchronously or is arrested at a unique point in the cell cycle. - [Read Inducing Yeast Cell Synchrony: Nocodazole Arrest Protocol]

Category: Immunology: Mononuclear Cell Isolation Protocols

Presents two methods for preparing dendritic cells (DCs), a highly specialized type of antigen-presenting cell (APC). The first method involves the isolation of DCs from mouse spleen, resulting in a cell population that is highly enriched in accessory cell and APC function. A support protocol for collagenase digestion of splenocyte suspensions is described to increase the yield of dendritic cells. The second method involves generating large numbers of DCs from mouse bone marrow progenitor cells. - [Read Isolation of Dendritic Cells Protocol]

Category: Mouse Protocols

Protocol that investigates macrophage activation using a more homogeneous population of cells, macrophages derived from immature progenitor cells in bone marrow can be studied. A second protocol describes the isolation of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells and propagation of these immature macrophages by CSFs or IL-3. - [Read Isolation of Murine Macrophages Protocol]

Category: Immunology: B Cell Protocols

Describes the isolation of resting B lymphocytes (B cells) from mouse spleens by using negative selection with anti-CD43 and anti-Mac-1/CD11b monoclonal antibodies coupled to magnetic microbeads. This strategy depletes non-B cells from a mixed population of splenocytes and relies on the fact that most mature leukocytes, with the exception of resting splenic B cells, express CD43. - [Read Isolation of Resting B Lymphocytes from One or More Groups of Four Mouse Spleens Protocol]

Category: Immunology: Mononuclear Cell Isolation Protocols: B Lymphocyte Isolation Protocols

Protocol describes the isolation of resting B lymphocytes (B cells) from mouse spleens by using negative selection with anti-CD43 and anti-Mac-1/CD11b monoclonal antibodies coupled to magnetic microbeads. This strategy depletes non-B cells from a mixed population of splenocytes and relies on the fact that most mature leukocytes, with the exception of resting splenic B cells, express CD43. - [Read Isolation of Resting B Lymphocytes from Sixteen Mouse Spleens Protocol]

Category: Immunology: B Cell Protocols

Describes the isolation of resting B lymphocytes (B cells) from mouse spleens by using negative selection with anti-CD43 and anti-Mac-1/CD11b monoclonal antibodies coupled to magnetic microbeads. This strategy depletes non-B cells from a mixed population of splenocytes and relies on the fact that most mature leukocytes, with the exception of resting splenic B cells, express CD43. - [Read Isolation of Resting B Lymphocytes from Sixteen Mouse Spleens Protocol]

Category: Immunology: Mononuclear Cell Isolation Protocols: B Lymphocyte Isolation Protocols

This procedure describes the isolation of resting B lymphocytes (B cells) from mouse spleens by using negative selection with anti-CD43 and anti-Mac-1/CD11b monoclonal antibodies coupled to magnetic microbeads. This strategy depletes non-B cells from a mixed population of splenocytes and relies on the fact that most mature leukocytes, with the exception of resting splenic B cells, express CD43. - [Read Isolation of Resting B Lymphocytes Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: Endothelial Cell Protocols

Endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, can be prepared from a variety of tissues. They are frequently prepared from the umbilical vein, which is relatively easy to obtain. The procedure is clearly described and provides a large population of highly purified endothelial cells. There are also methods for obtaining endothelial cells from other tissues such as fat, skin, and mucosa. These methods require special care and generate smaller populations of cells. - [Read Preparation of Endothelial Cells Protocol]