Alfalfa is an outcrossing species, cultivars consist of populations rather than individual homozygous or
inbred lines. After only two cycles of self-pollination, severe inbreeding depression eliminates selfed
individuals from populations. To obtain sufficient plant material of relative genetically uniformity (these
plants will still necessarily be heterozygous) for experimental purposes, it may be necessary to propagate a
single individual or clone. - [Read Vegetative Propagation of Alfalfa by Stem Cuttings]
Protocol for whole mount fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of repetitive DNA sequences on interphase nuclei of the small cruciferous plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Includes: Seed sterilization and germination; Tissue fixation; Labeling of the probe DNA; Pretreatment; In situ hybridization; Pre-absorption of antibodies; Posthybridization washes; Immunocytochemical detection; Direct detection; Indirect detection; Staining and mounting; Fluorescence microscopy. - [Read Whole Mount Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) of Repetitive DNA Sequences on Interphase]
During development many plant cells undergo endoreduplication, whereby ploidy increases to a multiple of the normal 2C content. For eg., trichome development is accompanied by an increase in ploidy to 32C, indicating that trichome cells undergo four rounds of endoreduplication. Protocol describes DNA levels, and hence developmental progress in the corresponding cells, are measured by staining the DNA with a fluorescent marker and then quantifying the fluorescence of individual nuclei. - [Read Whole-Mount DAPI Staining and Measurement of DNA Content in Plant Cells]