paraformaldehyde Protocols

Category: Immunohistochemistry Protocols: Fixation Protocols

Protocol for 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) fixative. - [Read 4% Paraformaldehyde (PFA) Fixative Protocol]

Category: Immunohistochemistry Protocols: Fixation Protocols

Protocol for 4% paraformaldehyde. Includes: 4% PARAFORMALDEHYDE/PBS; 0.4% PARAFORMALDEHYDE/PBS (FOR POST-DIGESTION FIXATION). - [Read 4% Paraformaldehyde Protocol]

Category: Molecular Imaging: Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Cell Staining for Immunofluorescence Microscopy. Includes protocols for fixing the cells, Coverslip Preparation for Adherent Cells, Coverslip Preparation for Non-Adherent Cells, Paraformaldehyde Fixation, and Methanol/Acetone Fixation. Blocking protocols include blocking with primary antibody, and incubation with secondary antibody. - [Read Cell Staining for Immunofluorescence Microscopy]

Category: Immunohistochemistry Protocols: Cryosectioning Protocols

Protocol for cryosectioning. While the timing of the various steps in this protocol are probably not critical, process the tissue all at once to ensure that RNA and/or proteins do not get degraded. Includes: 20% Paraformaldehyde/4% Paraformaldehyde-PBS; Sucrose/PBS. - [Read Cryosectioning Protocol]

Category: RNAi Technology Protocols: RNAi Avian Embryos Protocols

Protocol describes how to dissect spinal cords of dsRNA-treated avian embryos for analysis of commissural axon guidance.  After fixation of the spinal cord with paraformaldehyde, commissural axons are stained with Fast-DiI. - [Read Dissection of Spinal Cords for Analysis of Axonal Pathfinding in dsRNA Treated Avian Embryos]

Category: Avian Bird Protocols

Protocol describes how to dissect spinal cords of dsRNA-treated avian embryos for analysis of commissural axon guidance. After fixation of the spinal cord with paraformaldehyde, commissural axons are stained with Fast-DiI. - [Read Dissection of Spinal Cords for Analysis of Axonal Pathfinding in dsRNA-Treated Avian Embryos]

Category: Mouse Protocols: Mouse Embryology Protocols

Protocol provides methods for fixation of mouse embryos and tissues with paraformaldehyde, Bouin’s fixative, or methanol/DMSO solution. - [Read Fixation of Mouse Embryos and Tissues Protocol]

Category: Cell Culture Protocols: Cell Fixing Protocols

Treating cells with paraformaldehyde leads to the establishment of chemical cross-links between free amino groups. When the cross-links join different molecules, a latticework of interactions occurs that holds the overall architecture of the cell together. Commercial formaldehyde solutions are not recommended, because they lack the advantages of using a variable-length polymer, and the cells will simultaneously be fixed with the alcohol (usually methanol). - [Read Fixing Attached Cells in Paraformaldehyde Protocol]

Category: C. elegans Protocols: C. elegans Fixing Protocols

Bouin’s fixative is a particularly good choice for worms because it penetrates dense tissues well and is extremely good for fixing antigens. Like all strong fixatives, however, it is unsuitable for some antibody-antigen pairs. In such cases, the length of time in the Bouin’s fixative can be shortened, or paraformaldehyde fixation can be used instead. - [Read Fixing Caenorhabditis elegans in Bouin’s Fixative Protocol]

Category: C. elegans Protocols: C. elegans Fixing Protocols

Common method for fixing worms is to use paraformaldehyde. This method provides a gentler fixation than the Bouin’s method, but often requires the use of collagenase. This method is particularly good for examining adult worms. - [Read Fixing Caenorhabditis elegans in Paraformaldehyde Protocol]

Category: Cell Culture Protocols: Cell Fixing Protocols

Treating cells with paraformaldehyde leads to the establishment of chemical cross-links between free amino groups. When the cross-links join different molecules, a latticework of interactions occurs that holds the overall architecture of the cell together. - [Read Fixing Suspension Cells with Paraformaldehyde Protocol]

Category: Histology Protocols: Fixation of Cells Tissues Protocol

Protocols for cell fixation and tissue fixation. HISTOLOGY-RELATED PROTOCOLS Fixation and Frozen Block techniques. Embedding Tissue Into Frozen Blocks. Fixing Cells with Fresh Paraformaldehyde. Preparation of Frozen Sections. Immunohistochemistry. Paraffin sections and Frozen sections. DERC Univ. Colorado PDF. - [Read HISTOLOGY-RELATED PROTOCOLS Fixation and Frozen Block PDF]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: Flow Cytometry Protocols

Paraformaldehyde Fixation of Cells protocol. This fixation method is good for cells labeled by fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies to membrane antigens.  It will stabilize the light scatter and labeling for up to a week in most instances, allowing you to be more flexible in scheduling cytometer time.  Furthermore, it inactivates most biohazardous agents, so it is important from a safety standpoint as well. Iowa University. - [Read Paraformaldehyde Fixation of Cells]

Category: Immunology: Immunocytochemistry Protocols

Cell fixation using paraformaldehyde. - [Read PFA Fixation for Immunofluorescence]

Category: Drosophila Protocols: Drosophila Staining Protocols

Early embryos (0-17 hours or until cuticle formation) are treated with a mixture of organic solvents, formaldehyde, and alcohols, as described here. The cuticles of late-stage embryos are usually opened by sonication. Tissues from more advanced stages of development are normally dissected by hand and then fixed and stained in a standard paraformaldehyde/detergent combination - [Read Preparing Early Whole-Mount Drosophila Embryos for Immunostaining Protocol]

Category: Drosophila Protocols: Drosophila Staining Protocols

Early and late embryos are treated with a mixture of organic solvents, formaldehyde, and alcohols. The cuticles of late-stage embryos (17-22 hours or until hatching) are usually opened by sonication, as described here. Tissues from later stages of development are normally dissected by hand and then fixed and stained in a standard paraformaldehyde/detergent combination. - [Read Preparing Late Whole-Mount Drosophila Embryos for Immunostaining Protocol]

Category: Immunohistochemistry Protocols: Antibody Staining Protocols

Most histological studies are carried out on paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Therefore, there is an extensive atlas of most tissues and organs prepared from these sources, and comparing the location of antigens to these data is immediately informative. The fixation and embedding procedures are harsh, however, and many antigens are not well preserved. - [Read Preparing Paraffin Tissue Sections for Immunostaining Protocol]