nucleic Protocols

Category: Fungi Protocols: Aspergillus Protocols

Protocol for the rapid method for isolation of total nucleic acids from Aspergillus nidulans. - [Read A Rapid Method for Isolation of Total Nucleic Acids from Aspergillus nidulans Protocol]

Category: Protein Protocols: Protein Quantitation Concentration Protocols

Absorbance assay at 280 nm.  This method is just as convenient as for absorbance at 280 nm.  It may be preferred if there is excessive contamination by nucleic acids, since nucleic acids absorb very little radiation at 205 nm.  Setting the wavelength is a bit tricky since 205 nm is right on the shoulder of the protein peak. - [Read Absorbance Assay 205 nm]

Category: Protein Protocols: Protein Quantitation Concentration Protocols

Absorbance assays are fast and convenient, since no additional reagents or incubations are required.  No protein standard need be prepared.  The assay does not consume the protein.  The relationship of absorbance to protein concentration is linear.  Because different proteins and nucleic acids have widely varying absorption characteristics there may be considerable error, especially for unknowns or protein mixtures. - [Read Absorbance Assay 280 nm]

Category: PCR Protocols: AFLP PCR

P Vos, R Hogers, M Bleeker, M Reijans, T van de Lee, M Hornes, A Frijters, J Pot, J Peleman, and M Kuiper. 1995. Nucleic Acid Research. The AFLP technique is based on the selective PCR amplification of restriction fragments from a total digest of genomic - [Read AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting.]

Category: C. elegans Protocols: C. elegans Staining Protocols

Extreme care should be used to identify and verify positive reactions, however, because cross-reactions are common. Counterstaining is essential for examining worms by immunofluorescence and is used to identify the exact cell in which an antigen appears. Methods for counterstaining include labeling all cells with a fluorescent dye that is specific for nucleic acids (e.g., DAPI or propidium iodide) and using GFP driven by tissue-specific promoters. - [Read Antibody Addition and Detection for Staining Caenorhabditis elegans Protocol]

Category: Gene Delivery Protocols: DNA Nanoparticles Protocols

This protocol describes a stepwise procedure to prepare nucleic acids encapsulated in a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-shielded nanolipoparticle (NLP) that contain a bioresponsive lipid and ligand. This process provides several advantages for systemic gene delivery. The in vivo circulation time is extended. Also, low pH-sensitive lipids enhance DNA unpacking and endosomal escape. Finally, ligands inserted into the NLP surface can target gene delivery to specific tissues or cells in vivo. - [Read Bioresponsive Targeted Charge Neutral Lipid Vesicles for Systemic Gene Delivery Protocol]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: DIG Biotin Labeled Probe Protocols

This protocol describes how to use DIG Chem-Link to directly label any DNA [e.g. plasmids, PCR products, cDNA prepared from mRNA] or RNA (e.g. total RNA, poly(A)+ mMRNA). The DIG Chem-Link or Biotin Chem-Link may also be used to label oligonucleotides. Includes: Required Purity of DIG Chem-Link Templates; Direct DIG Labeling of mRNA or cDNA with DIG Chem-Link; Key Product Required for Direct Labeling of DNA or RNA; Estimating the Yield of DIG-labeled Nucleic Acids. - [Read Chem-Link Labeling of DNA or RNA with DIG or Biotin Protocol]

Category: Nucleic Acid Modification Protocols: DIG Biotin Labeled Probes Protocols

Protocol for Chem-Link labeling of DNA or RNA with DIG or Biotin. Includes: Direct DIG Labeling of mRNA or cDNA with DIG Chem-Link; Estimating the Yield of DIG-labeled Nucleic Acids. - [Read Chem-Link Labeling of DNA or RNA with DIG or Biotin Protocol]

Category: Molecular Biology Protocols: Restriction Enzyme Digestion

Cloning Enzymes a Guide Promega. An Enzyme Resource Guide series, highlights those enzymes important in nucleic acid cloning procedures. Promega - [Read Cloning Enzymes a Guide Promega]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: In Situ Hybridization Protocols

Protocol for combined DNA in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry for the simultaneous detection of nucleic acid sequences, proteins, and incorporated BrdU in cell preparations. Includes: Cell preparations and BrdU labeling; Detection of antigen by immunocytochemistry (ICC); Visualization of ICC antigen; -Gal-BCIG reaction (for producing a blue precipitate visible under brightfield microscopy); Cell processing for in situ hybridization; In situ hybridization (ISH); etc... - [Read Combined DNA In Situ Hybridization and Immunocytochemistry Protocol]

Category: Nucleic Acid Purification Protocols

Ultrafiltration is an alternative to ethanol precipitation for the concentration and desalting of nucleic acid solutions.  It requires no phase change and is particularly useful for dealing with very low concentrations of nucleic acids.  This protocol describes the use of the Microcon cartridge, a centrifugal ultrafiltration device, to concentrate and desalt nucleic acid solutions. - [Read Concentrating and Desalting Nucleic Acids with Microconcentrators Protocol]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization FISH Protocol

Protocol for custom fluorescent nucleotide synthesis/nucleic acid labeling. - [Read Custom Fluorescent Nucleotide Synthesis/Nucleic Acid Labeling Protocol]

Category: Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis Protocols: DNA Electrophoresis Protocols: DNA Electrophoresis in Agarose Gels Protocols

The most convenient and commonly used method to visualize DNA in agarose gels is staining with the fluorescent dye ethidium bromide.  Ethidium bromide can be used to detect both singleand double-stranded nucleic acids (both DNA and RNA).  However, the affinity of the dye for single-stranded nucleic acid is relatively low and the fluorescent yield is comparatively poor. - [Read Detection of DNA in Agarose Gels Protocol]

Category: DNA Protocols: DNA Extraction Protocols: Agarose Gel DNA Extraction Protocols

DNA Extraction from Agarose Gels Protocol. The page includes cutting out the DNA band from the gel, and describes three methods including 1) Spin-columns (Nucleic acid purification columns), 2) using Dialysis tubing (semi-permeable membrane, Visking tubing), and the 3) Paper strip method.Matt Lewis, Department of Pathology, University of Liverpool. - [Read DNA Extraction from Agarose Gels Protocol]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: In Situ Hybridization Protocols

Protocol for estimating the yield of DIG-labeled nucleic acids. Includes: Estimating the yield in a spot test with a DIG-labeled control. - [Read Estimating the Yield of DIG-labeled Nucleic Acids Protocol]

Category: Nucleic Acid Modification Protocols: Nucleic Acid Labeling Protocols

Protocol for estimating the yield of DIG-labeled nucleic acids. - [Read Estimating the Yield of DIG-Labeled Nucleic Acids Protocol]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: In Vitro Reconstitution Protocols

With this protocol, transcripts that were initiated from specific genes by RNA polymerases prior to permeabilization can be measured. Instead of a nuclear extract, permeabilized cells are used. Includes information on: Permeabilization of Cells; In vitro Transcription Reaction (Run-off); Isolation of RNA; Preparation of Slot Blot Membrane for Hybridization; Hybridization of Nitrocellulose Membrane; TCA Precipitation to Determine Incorporation of [32P] GTP into Nucleic Acid - [Read In Vitro Transcription Assay (Run-off Assay) using Permeabilized Cells]

Category: Gene Delivery Protocols: DNA Nanoparticles Protocols

Lipoplex (cationic liposome-DNA complex) is formed via electrostatic interaction of anionic nucleic acids with cationic liposomes. A thin film of lipids is dried on the bottom of a glass tube and rehydrated in an aqueous solution. The resulting liposome suspension is passed through polycarbonate filters of desired pore size. This protocol also describes the preparation, physical properties, and biological activity of liposome-polycation-DNA (LPD) nanoparticles. - [Read Lipoplex and LPD Nanoparticles for In Vivo Gene Delivery Protocol]

Category: Chromatography Protocols: Immobilized Metal Ion Affinity Chromatography Protocols

Protocol is the first step in a three-step process for the preparation and enrichment of phosphopeptides using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) for the identification of the phosphopeptides by LC-MS/MS.  This procedure is used to prepare protein extracts from WEHI-231 cells.  This preparation method provides total cellular protein samples that are free of contaminating nucleic acids. - [Read Lysis and Protein Extraction from WEHI-231 Cells with TriPure Isolation Reagent Protocol]

Category: Mass Spectrometry Protocols

MALDI Matrices. Commonly used MALDI matrices for analysis of peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids using 337 nm or 355 nm UV lasers. All matrices can be used for sample preparation using the Dried Droplet Method whereas only matrices solubl - [Read MALDI Matrices]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: In Situ Hybridization Protocols

Discusses the effects of various components of the hybridization solution on the rate of renaturation and thermal stability of DNA hybrids free in solution. Includes: The main parameters that influence hybridization; Additional hybridization variables; Competition in situ hybridization; Oligonucleotide hybridization; Standard in situ hybridization conditions. - [Read Nucleic Acid Hybridization General Aspects]

Category: Real Time PCR: Real Time PCR Information

Oligonucleotides with fluorescent dyes at opposite ends provide a quenched probe system useful for detecting PCR product and nucleic acid hybridization. Livak et al., 1995. - [Read Oligonucleotides with fluorescent dyes at opposite ends provide a quenched probe system useful for d]

Category: Cell Biology and Cell Culture: Flow Cytometry Protocols: Apoptosis Cytometry Protocols

Propidium iodide (PI) intercalates into double-stranded nucleic acids. It is excluded by viable cells but can penetrate cell membranes of dying or dead cells. - [Read Propidium Iodide Staining of Dead Cells for Flow Cytometry Protocol]

Category: Protein Protocols: Protein Extraction From Tissue

Combination of nucleic acid and protein isolation with tissue array construction: Using defined histologic regions in single frozen tissue blocks for multiple research purposes - [Read Protein isolation with tissue array construction]

Category: Viral Protocols

Isopycnic centrifugation through CsCl gradients is used to prepare infectious bacteriophage {lambda} particles of the highest purity that are essentially free of contaminating bacterial nucleic acids. - [Read Purification of Bacteriophage lambda Particles by Isopycnic Centrifugation through CsCl Gradients]