Choosing the right labeling method for your hybridization experiment. Includes: Homogeneous labeling methods for DNA; Homogeneous labeling methods for RNA; Stability of probe-target interaction; Nonradioactive labeling of oligonucleotides; Double-stranded versus single-stranded probes. - [Read Choosing the Right Labeling Method for your Hybridization Experiment]
The atomic force microscope (AFM) is one of the most powerful tools for determining the surface topography of native biomolecules at subnanometer resolution. The AFM can also provide insight into the binding properties of biological systems. In order to determine the specific interaction between two kinds of molecules (e.g., avidin and biotin). Includes information on principle of AFM and application of AFM. - [Read Imaging, Measuring and Manipulating Native Biomolecular Systems with the Atomic Force Microscope]
Mature Tetrahymena cells of opposite mating types are starved under appropriate salt conditions. The mating types are then combined to costimulate through cell-cell interaction. Loose pairs and then firm, irreversible pairs of cells of opposite mating types form. This method consistently results in a high percentage of pairing (usually greater than 80%) and good synchrony. - [Read Induction of Conjugation in Tetrahymena Protocol]
Lipoplex (cationic liposome-DNA complex) is formed via electrostatic interaction of anionic nucleic acids with cationic liposomes. A thin film of lipids is dried on the bottom of a glass tube and rehydrated in an aqueous solution. The resulting liposome suspension is passed through polycarbonate filters of desired pore size. This protocol also describes the preparation, physical properties, and biological activity of liposome-polycation-DNA (LPD) nanoparticles. - [Read Lipoplex and LPD Nanoparticles for In Vivo Gene Delivery Protocol]
When more than one bait will be used to screen a single library, significant time and resources can be saved by performing the interactor hunt by interaction mating. In this protocol one strain is transformed with library DNA and the transformants are collected and frozen in aliquots. - [Read Performing a Hunt by Interaction Mating Protocol]
In vitro transcription reactions employing T3, T7 or SP6 phage-encoded RNA polymerases are widely used to synthesize RNA from recombinant vectors containing appropriate promoters. Production of large amounts of specific RNA is valuable in the preparation of hybridization probes and in vitro translation studies; in the synthesis of ribozymes, rRNA, SRP, antisense RNA and substrates for RNA splicing; and in RNA-protein interaction studies. - [Read Protocol: Purification of In Vitro Synthesized mRNA with Microcon or Centricon Centrifugal Filters]
Protocol for SAPK/Jun kinase assays. Protocol includes information on: preparation of cell lysate, substrate/antibody, lysate interaction. - [Read SAPK/Jun Kinase Assays]
Protocol describes a split luciferase complementation assay used to study the interaction of proteins in cells. In the split protein strategy, a single reporter protein/enzyme (firefly luciferase [Fluc]) is cleaved into amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal halves; each half is fused to one of two interacting proteins, X & Y. Physical interactions between the two proteins reconstitute the functional reporter protein, leading to enzymatic activities that can be measured by in vitro or in vivo assay - [Read Split Luciferase Complementation Assay for Studying Interaction of Proteins X and Y in Cells]
Protocol describes a split luciferase complementation assay that can be used to repetitively and noninvasively study the interaction of proteins in small living animals. After the expression of the appropriate vectors has been checked in cell culture in vivo, studies can be performed either by implanting transiently transfected cells for short-term analysis (maximum of 7 days), or with tumor models grown from tumor cells stably expressing the complete reporter system. - [Read Split Luciferase Complementation Assay for Studying Interaction of Proteins X and Y in Living Mice]