increasing Protocols

Category: PCR Protocols: Reverse Transcriptase RT-PCR Protocols

Protocol uses a single thermostable RNA polymerase to perform high-specificity RT-PCR.  A high-temperature RT reaction is followed by PCR amplification of the cDNA using a single thermostable poymerase, the GeneAmp AccRT RNA PCR enzyme from Applied Biosystems.  The high temperature of the RT reaction enhances the specificity of primer binding and also reduces secondary structure in the template, thereby increasing the efficiency of polymerization. - [Read Amplification of RNA: High-Temperature Reverse Transcription and DNA Amplification with a Magnesium]

Category: Microscopy Protocols: Fluorescence Microscopy Protocols

Most biological specimens are relatively transparent, so details of internal and intracellular morphology are difficult to image in untreated living specimens using simple bright-field techniques. Fluorescence microscopy offers greater advantages and possibilities for increasing contrast and determining the specific localization of molecules in cells. Article outlines the three methods most commonly used to introduce an appropriate label into Drosophila tissue without perturbing the process. - [Read Fluorescent Reagents for Live Cell Imaging and Their Introduction into Cells]

Category: Cytogenetics Protocols: In Situ Hybridization Protocols

In situ methods to visualize transgenes (including single copy genes) and their transcripts during interphase from different tissues and plant species. These techniques reduce the time necessary for characterization of transgene integration by eliminating the need for time-consuming segregation analysis, and extend characterization to the interphase nucleus, thus increasing the likelihood of accurate prediction of transgene activity. - [Read In Situ Methods to Localize Transgenes and Transcripts in Interphase Nuclei]

Category: DNA Protocols: cDNA Library Protocols: cDNA Library Construction Protocols

PCR can be used to identify rare DNA sequences in DNA libraries by increasing the abundance of a particular sequence. This is accomplished by subdividing the original library into pools of decreased complexity and screening each pool or group of pools for a given DNA sequence. - [Read PCR-Based Screening of DNA Libraries Protocol]

Category: PCR Protocols

PCR can be used to identify rare DNA sequences in DNA libraries by increasing the abundance of a particular sequence.  This is accomplished by subdividing the original library into pools of decreased complexity and screening each pool or group of pools for a given DNA sequence.  A pool that contains the desired clone is subsequently subdivided into smaller pools, each of which is screened using the same PCR protocol that was used for the primary screen. - [Read PCR-Based Screening of DNA Libraries Protocol]

Category: Neuroscience Protocols: Neuronal Stains Protocols

Protargol-S (silver proteinate) is used with the addition of copper metal.  The copper replaces the silver in the connective tissue, allowing a greater differentiation between the nerve fibers and the connective tissue.  The silver is reduced with hydroquinone to the visible metallic form.  The sections are toned with gold chloride, the gold chloride is reduced with oxalic acid, increasing the deposit of metallic gold on the sections. - [Read Staining of Nerve Fibers Protocol]