Manual measurement and manipulation of the cell surface requires access to the cells, usually in an open chamber. Temperature-controlled chambers or stage inserts are preferred for maintaining physiological activity during the experiment. For example, heated culture dishes with coverslip glass bottoms (Bioptechs) permit high-resolution fluorescence microscopy of living cells during force application. - [Read Chambers for Examination of Live Cells under Mechanical Stress Protocol]
Protocol for motility using VE-DIC microscopy. Materials required: Anti-GST (glutathione S-transferase) antibody, PB buffer =10 mM NaPO4 pH 7.2, EGTA, MgCl2, Clarified motor lysate, MTs or Axoneme-MTs,Mg·ATP, VALAP (1 Vasoline: 1 Lanolin: 1 Paraffin, heated gently until melted) and Maxell XR-S120 Black Magnetite Super-VHS tapes or comparable. - [Read Protocol for Motility using VE-DIC Microscopy]