Protein Microarray Chips - An Introduction. Introduction, Types of Protein Chips, Attachment, Protein and Antibody Chip Production, Applications of Protein Chips, Detection methods, and Future Directions.
Molecularstation. - [Read Protein and Antibody Microarray Chips - An Introduction]
Western Blot Home- http://www.molecularstation.com/protein/western-blot/
Western Blot Home. Information on western blotting, western blot procedure and methods, western blot books, stripping protocols. - [Read Western Blot Home]
Covers Many Western Blot Problems and Includes Many Solutions. Fuzzy Bands, Low or Weak Signal, High Background, Spots on Film, Too Many Bands. A MolecularStation Guide. - [Read Troubleshooting Western Blot]
Universal Mouse Genotyping Protocol (downloadable pdf click here). This protocol is designed to detect sequences in the murine genome by polymerase chain ... - [Read Universal Mouse Genotyping Protocol]
This protocol is designed to detect sequences in the murine genome by polymerase chain reaction amplification, and is adapted from Stratman and Simon (Transgenic Res. 12, 521-522 (2003)).For those familiar with PCR genotyping, this method differs from the typical protocol by utilizing a unique enzyme (Klentaq), 30mer primers, and a 68° annealing temperature. - [Read Universal Mouse Genotyping Protocol]
Several methods have been developed to "retrieve" antigens that have been masked by fixation. The principle behind using the microwave oven method described here is to use extended periods of heat to break some of the subcellular structures that block antibody access. Be aware that any of the antigen retrieval methods should be avoided wherever possible, because they may introduce artifactual false-positive staining. - [Read Unmasking Hidden Epitopes Using the Microwave Oven Protocol]
The principle behind the pressure cooker method described here is to use extended periods of heat to break some of the subcellular structures that block antibody access. This approach is appropriate for handling specimens on glass slides. The major advantages of the pressure cooker method are the ability to handle a large number of slides simultaneously, the convenience of using metal racks, and the avoidance of any hot spots that are found in the microwave. - [Read Unmasking Hidden Epitopes Using the Pressure Cooker Protocol]
Fixation can mask epitopes. However, it is often possible to re-expose them using a gentle incubation with proteases, which removes obstructing structures and allows antibody access, as described here. Many proteases can be used for this procedure, including very crude preparations of proteases, such as pronase. However, using a better-characterized protease, such as trypsin, allows a more controlled reaction and better comparison between experiments. - [Read Unmasking Hidden Epitopes with Proteases Protocol]
Protocol describes the use of PCR to characterize a peptide library encoded in a plasmid vector. In this example, the library was obtained by transforming bacteria with the ligation reaction at the end of Use of PCR to Prepare a Double-Stranded DNA Library Encoding Random Peptides. - [Read Use of PCR for Quality Control of a Peptide DNA Library Protocol]
PCR is used as a preparative tool for the synthesis of a high-complexity double-stranded DNA library. In the example presented here, a mixture of synthetic oligonucleotides is used to synthesize a random peptide NNK library, where K is either T or G. The exclusion of A and C nucleotides at the third position decreases the occurrence of stop codons but still allows codons for all 20 amino acids. - [Read Use of PCR to Prepare a Double-Stranded DNA Library Encoding Random Peptides Protocol]
USE OF THE LIGHT MICROSCOPE. Step by step methodology guide on how to use a light microscope. Veterinary Pathology. Bristol University - [Read USE OF THE LIGHT MICROSCOPE]
Protocol describes the use of FLAG-epitope-tagged proteins for both small-scale analysis and large-scale coimmunoprecipitation of interacting proteins. When examining protein interactions, it is sometimes possible to immunoprecipitate an endogenous protein X directly, without using an epitope tag, if antibodies are available. The advantage of examining interactions of endogenously expressed proteins is that these are likely to be physiological and less likely to be an artifact of overexpression. - [Read Using FLAG Epitope-Tagged Proteins for Coimmunoprecipitation of Interacting Proteins Protocol]
Protocol describes a procedure for uterine transfer, which is used for chimera production. The method is based on extensive work which resulted in the first successful development and birth of in-vitro-cultured mouse embryos. It is best to practice this procedure first on a cadaver and then on an anesthetized 2.5-days post coitum (dpc) pseudopregnant mouse using blue Affigel beads rather than embryos. - [Read Uterine Transfer Protocol]
UV Absorbance 280 nm Protein Determination. Simple and quick method to accurately quantitate total protein in purified material or approximately quantitate total protein in crude lysates or partial purified material. Quantitation of the amount of protein in a solution is possible in a simple spectrometer. Absorption of radiation in the near UV by proteins depends on the Tyr and Trp content (and to a very small extent on the amount of Phe and disulfide bonds). Dr. Mario Lebendiker - [Read UV Absorbance 280 nm Protein Determination]
The cytotoxic effect of test chemicals in V79 cell culture can be determined by assessing damage to the plasma membrane as determined by a nucleic acid leakage assay. - [Read V79 Cytotoxicity Test for Membrane Damage]
Protocol describes a method for vasectomy in which the vas deferens is accessed through the abdominal wall. Mice are ready for mating after ~10-14 days. Vasectomized males can be bred with fertile females to obtain plugs for timed matings. The pseudopregnant females can then be used for oviduct and uterine transfers. For an alternative protocol, see Vasectomy for Generation of Sterile Males: Access via Scrotal Sac. - [Read Vasectomy for Generation of Sterile Males: Access via Abdominal Wall Protocol]
Protocol describes a method for vasectomy in which the vas deferens is accessed through the scrotal sac. Mice are ready for mating after ~10-14 days. Vasectomized males can be bred with fertile females to obtain plugs for timed matings. The pseudopregnant females can then be used for oviduct and uterine transfers. - [Read Vasectomy for Generation of Sterile Mouse Males: Access via Scrotal Sac Protocols]
A Single Stranded Plasmid DNA Isolation Protocol describing the production and isolation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) using bacteriophagemid-containing bacteria and helper phage. Infection of the host cells with helper phage allows for packaging of ssDNA into bacteriophage. The ssDNA can then be isolated from phage particles.
DNA microarrays are an ordered arrangement of DNA molecules complementary to genes of interest that are "spotted" by robotic equipment onto a glass slide substrate. The expression of genes in cells can be monitored with microarrays by preparing cDNA from the mRNA of cells of interest and measuring the hybridization to the microarray. This protocol describes the labeling of genomic DNA for use as a probe for hybridization to the cDNA spotted on the array.
Tubulin is polymerized into microtubules by incubating tubulin at 37°C with GTP. A nucleation seed is added when the purpose is to assay microtubule elongation. Tubulin can also be polymerized for the purposes of recycling the tubulin or labeling the microtubules with fluorescently labeled tubulin. Based on the protocol by Timothy Mitchison of Harvard University.
This Microarray Protocol Preparation of Fluorescent DNA Probes from Human mRNA protocol describes the production of probes labeled with the fluorescent dyes, Cy3 and Cy5, following the synthesis of cDNA from human mRNA and the hybridization of the probes to DNA microarrays.