Compact gravitational objects

Ralph Hertle wrote:

Hydrogen is very sparse in empty space. It is not dense enough to
account for the red shift in the entirety.

The Big Bang has other problems such as accelerated expansion.

For an alternative to the Big Bang see Paul Steinhardt and Niel Turok
-Endless Univeress-. They have an alternative which which consistent
with all the known facts including recently discovered accelaration of
the expansion of the cosmos.

Bob Kolker