Questions about cell biology. Thanks in advance~!

[nofearnofear]

Dear all scientists,

My name is Steve, I am a first year student in a Polish university. I am currently doing a science degree as human biology has been a profound interest of mine.

I have a few questions about cell biology and I was wondering if anyone could help me out.

1. What is the reason for the dependence on the address inserted into signal sequence of the polypeptide synthesized on the free cytosolic polyribosome being allowed to transport to Mitochondria?

2. What is the relationship between cytosol and karyoplasm? Does cytosol comprise karyoplasm?

3. What is teleomerase? What effects does it have on mitotic divisions in the course of embryogenesis or neoplastic proliferation?

4. Where are the embryonic stem cells derived from?

5. Where may the proteins synthesized on cytosolic polyribosomes be transported to? (I only know that the lysosomal/membrane/secretory proteins are synthesized by the ribosomes on RER)

6. Do ribophorins form hydrophobic or hydrophilic channels for the attachments of large ribosomal subunits?

7. When the membrane's cholesterol content increases, does the fluidity increase or decrease? Why?

8. The transportation of endocytotic vesicles within cytoplasm of absorptive cells to be released by exocytosis and on the opposite pole of the cell is termed__
a. cyclosis b. exocytosis c. transcytosis d. phagocytosis e. pinocytosis

Thank you very much in advance.

Steve